The Wild West is the word that that has been coined for a period in American history that coincided with the movement of the white settlers west wards. It was a turbulent period and dominated by gunmen, sheriffs or lawmen, red Indians and the settlers themselves. It was the age that opened America to development and perhaps what the USA is today would never have been in case this period had not existed.

This entire period was marked by courage, perseverance, adventure, inventiveness and strength of purpose. It was in fact in some ways the golden age of America and hundreds of movies and books are testimony to this period as the age that made America.

The Settlers and their Wagons

The white settlers who came from Britain started moving westwards from the eighteenth century onwards This was virgin land and home to the Red Indian tribes like the Apache’s, Cherokees and others. Obviously there was bound to be a clash between the settlers and the Red Indians and hence the settlers travelled in lines of wagons called the wagon trail. The fighting was bitter, but the Red Indian tribes were defeated as the settlers pressed forward. This was also the period when local laws were framed and is the genesis of the federal system of Government in the USA, where states frame their own laws.

Lawmen and Gunslingers

The period also brought to the forefront the rustler or cattle thief and the gunslinger who wished to make some money by his gun alone. To counter them local lawmen emerged called sheriffs who also made a name for themselves as fearless fighters and tamers of these gun slingers.

Outlaws and law men were the mainstay of the Wild West. The odd thing is that both these categories of men, one for the law and one against it were in fact interchangeable. Thus a lawman in one state was an outlaw in another state and vice versa.

Some of the outlaws made a name for themselves that still lives today. One of these was Billy the Kid. He was shot dead in 1881 by his friend a sheriff named Pat Garret and mind you he was only 21 and had shot 21 men by that time. In 1881 again in Tombstone, Arizona Marshall Wyatt Earp and his brothers along with Doc Holliday shot to death the Clanton gang members in a famous shoot out at the O.K Corral. And in 1882, another notorious outlaw, Jesse James, who is also a legend, was shot in the back by a close relative who wished to collect a reward of $ 5000 offered for him at that time. Jesse James and his gang had terrorized the west for close to 2 decades.

The Civil War

The Wild West got a further impetus after the end of the American civil war in 1865. Overnight some of the big plantation owners were reduced to penury and many took up the gun to become outlaws. Some of the outlaws were from good family and as they travelled westwards they left behind a trail of murder, bank robberies and looting.

The Rail Road

Another factor that opened up the Wild West was the rail road. The rail line was pushed forward from the east (New York) to San Francisco, a distance of almost 6000 km. As the rail line was built it was attacked by both Red Indians and gunmen. Great credit is to be given to the fearless rail road men who went out into uncharted lands. In fact this is another romantic episode of this period.

One gang who specialized in rail road hold ups was Robert Parker and Harry Lombaugh also known as the Butch Cassidy and the Sundance kid. They started their activities in 1899, but by 1901 the pressure of the law men had an effect and the duo fled to South America. This was the end of the outlaw and the Wild West, which by then had been tamed.

The Red Indian Wars

The Wild West was also the age of the Red Indian wars with the US Army. Thus men like Davy Crockett, James Bowie and General Custer have made a name for themselves. It is worth noting that the US government signed over a thousand treaties with the Red Indians, but each and every one of them was broken resulting in a war led by Geronimo. He was also defeated and he surrendered and was confined to a reservation, areas that were earmarked for Red Indian tribe’s men. These are still in existence at a lot of places. These are referred to as ‘reservations.’

The United States Army - Building Legends

The US Army also built up its legends during this age. There were wars with Mexico and Red Indians. The Mexicans were defeated and California captured. One of the famous battles of the period was the stand of the US army against a horde of Mexicans at the Alamo. It is a hallowed spot in American history.

The Wild West was an era that has no parallel anywhere else in the world. It was a romantic era and has been immortalized by writers like Zane grey. This was a period where the men was strong and masculine with a macho image and the women were lovely but hardy companions. The west could not have been what it is without these hardy women who travelled with their lovers and husbands into the wilderness. This is the spirit of adventure and the white man must take credit for being in the fore front. One spin-off from this period is the lax gun laws in the USA. Everybody can own a gun just with some identification and the weapons can be bought across the counter.

Lastly I have no doubt that America would not have been what it is without the Wild West. It affected the Americans with a dare-devil spirit and the spill off is the shooting of Osama bin laden. I am glad such an age existed. Let’s see the movies and read the books of this period to savor that glorious age, for it will never come again. Gone with the Wind?

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The book shows that contrary to conventional neo-liberal wisdom that globalization creates opportunities and opens market for countries; it aggravates inequality which the authors attribute to inter-national (globalization) rather than intra-national disparities. The book further shows that the advent of globalization has not brought any improvement in terms of addressing inequality and poverty rates, instead the conditions appear to have worsened. Countries’ commitment to social spending has been negatively affected as a result of slow economic growth associated with globalization.

Avoiding being trapped in theoretical deliberations, this book presents a realistic picture of a world which is supported by hard facts on the impact of economic liberalization and globalization. Worth noting is that the issues that the books raise are not necessarily new as other authors have raised them before. However, this book goes a step further to present comprehensive evidence from a myriad of authors. The book therefore gives the reader a sanctuary from which he/she can critical reflect on the developments in the world today without being clouded by neo-liberal propaganda which blindly accepts that economic liberalization and globalization are good for development and creating an equal world. The recent anti-globalization movements throughout the world symbolizes a rise of a giant wave of dissatisfaction among the economical marginalized.

Finally, it is clear that although globalization may have created a world with integrated systems which makes it easier for people to interact and conduct business, it has however created gaps in terms of poverty and inequality. In other words, economic liberalization and globalization has done nothing to close the gaps but instead they have ‘globalize inequality’. It is a source worth reading, especially for those who want to understand the impact of globalization and economic liberalization on poverty and inequality.

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This book is slightly more advanced than his smaller booklet, Composting For All. Both books discuss why compost is such an important factor in reducing stress on landfills. But here, Nicky shows how this one simple action can benefit everyone in the community and can actually affect global conditions as well. Nicky tells readers that approximately one-quarter of UK’s methane gas emissions (one of the gases that contributes to global warming) are due to organic waste in landfills, which are decomposing improperly. When composts are given aerobic conditions there is very little gas production. Nicky shows other advantages such as less odor in garbage cans and less volume for curb-side pick-up services to deal with - therefore garbage will be put out on the curb less often.

Nicky demonstrates how to get the right mix in the compost for optimal decomposition conditions. He then explains some of the different composting bins sold commercially. There is the perfect bin available for different situations from apartment dwellers to individuals, situations involving pest issues (rats, etc) and communal composting. His book covers Dalek-type bins, tumblers, digesters, green cones, green Johanna’s, fermentation methods, worm bins and more.

Much of the information can be applied globally, though the stats and information in Composting- and Easy Household Guide is from the UK. Terms such as “fly tipping” have no definition in North America. The resource section is four pages long and provides information on seven organizations and lists three books and videos for readers to refer to.

Author: Nicky Scott Illustrator: Roy Chadwick Publisher: Green books (UK) ISBN: 1-903998-78-6

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Pożyczki bez bik są pożądaną ofertą przede wszystkim dla kogoś, kto jest w tym momencie w kłopotliwej sytuacji bankowej i nie ma żadnej zdolności pożyczkowej, co gruntownie odbiera mu jakiekolwiek szanse na pozyskanie tradycyjnego kredytu w banku.

Trzeba jednak pamiętać że Kredyty chwilówki bez bik są zawsze droższe niz kredyt gotówkowy w instytucji bankowej.

Naprawdę warto jest zatem nieco bliżej rozpoznać wszystkie Pożyczki bez bik przez internet, nim postanowimy się na skorzystanie z tego kredytu. Rzeczywiście, w wielu sytuacjach są one dobrym wyjściem, ale równolegle istnieją przypadki, gdy stają się po prostu bezużyteczne.

W Polsce rynek wierzytelności dla zadłużonych bezustannie się rozwija. Powstało dużo firm oferujących nawet kredyty dostępne w ciągu kilku minut.

Pożyczki dla zadłużonych oferuje dużo firm na naszym rynku. Instytucje takie jak Provident, czy znane Kredyty chwilówki korzystają często z ciężkiej sytuacji konsumenta, narzucając wielki procent.
Rozwiązanie to jest jednak umotywowane, gdy nie możemy dowieść zdolności finansowej, ani wykazać przychodu.

Szybkie pożyczki

Coraz regularniej z tymi przedsiębiorstwami w rywalizację wkraczają same banki, udzielając kredyty konsumenckie bez zaświadczenia o dochodach. Zobowiązania te są znacznie oprocentowane, ale dostępne. Ryzyko banku jest rekompensowane naszymi większymi spłatami.

Warto korzystać w tych chwilach z usług doradców finansowych i wyszukiwać najlepszy kredyt dogodny w danej chwili.

Gdzie bezzwłocznie możemy użyczyć gotówkę? Jest nieco możliwości!

Pierwsza z nich to zwykły bank! O ile tylko jesteśmy „stałym konsumentem” określonego banku, to można spodziewać się na ograniczoną procedurę pożyczkową. Nie tylko nie trzeba prezentować poświadczenia o przychodach ( absolutnie wystarczy osobiście spełnione oświadczenie), ale dodatkowo można mieć nadzieję, iż wielkość pożyczki będzie migiem wypłacona.

Inna możliwość to szybka pożyczka w „parabanku” , to znaczy w pozabankowej firmie pożyczkowej.

Trzecia możliwość to karta kredytowa, przystępna jest ona w bankach, jak i firmach pozabankowyc.

Jednym z instrumentów finansowych, będących odpowiedzią na rosnące zapotrzebowanie samorządów na kapitał po& yczkowy są obligacje komunalne. Władze jednostek samorządu terytorialnego coraz częściej dostrzegają korzyści płynące z emisji obligacji, czego efektem jest upowszechnianie się tej formy  finansowania inwestycji komunalnych.
Rosnąca popularność tego sposobu pozyskiwania środków na długookresowe zadania inwestycyjne wynika z takich zalet obligacji komunalnych, jak:
-    krótki czas pozyskania środków,
-    elastyczność w dopasowaniu finansowania do potrzeb i mo& liwości emitenta,
-    mo& liwość finansowania długoletnich projektów inwestycyjnych,
-    mo& liwość finansowania wielu celów inwestycyjnych w ramach jednego programu emisji,
-    nieodpłatna promocja Emitenta.
Bank Ochrony Środowiska S.A. jest jednym z liderów wśród banków agentów emisji obligacji komunalnych. Dzięki swojej dziewięcioletniej obecności na komunalnym rynku kapitałowym, BOS S.A. wypracował procedury zapewniające szybkie i sprawne przeprowadzenie emisji obligacji komunalnych.
W ramach usług związanych z emisją obligacji BOŚ S.A. proponuje:
-    przygotowanie emisji,
-    obsługa płatności wynikających z emisji obligacji,
-    prowadzenie ewidencji i depozytu obligacji,
-    usługi dealerskie na runku pierwotnym i wtórnym,
-    gwarantowanie dojścia emisji do skutku,
-    obsługa wykupu obligacji.
Doświadczony zespół, sprawdzone i ulepszane procedury oraz korzystanie
z nowoczesnej platformy informatycznej dają gwarancję jakości usług świadczonych przez Bank.
Od 1996 r. BOŚ S.A. przygotował 60 programów emisji obligacji komunalnych. Wśród emitentów obligacji obsługiwanych przez Bank są zarówno małe gminy wiejskie, powiaty, jak i du& e miasta (Grudziądz, Starachowice, Ruda Śląska, Piekary Śląskie, Świętochłowice. Łączna wartość umów organizacji emisji obligacji komunalnych podpisanych przez BOŚ S.A. wynosi 423,76 mln zł, co daje  
Bankowi miejsce w czołówce organizatorów programów emisji dla samorządów. Na koniec III kwartału 2006 r. roku BOŚ S.A. zajmował 3. miejsce wśród banków – organizatorów emisji obligacji komunalnych pod względem liczby obsługiwanych programów emisji i 4. miejsce pod względem wartości zadłu& enia emitentów z tytułu emisji obligacji komunalnych.

autor: BOŚ

• Szukam poĹĽyczki pozabankowej - OgĹ‚oszenia

I can recall a thousand such nightmares haunting me in my childhood. In my childhood I was afraid of dark and lonely places. I still remember how my friend would make me terrified by telling me the story of the haunted cottage, where an old lady lived, who was actually a witch feasting on human flesh and blood.

Sometimes the memories of these childhood fears leave a deep impact on our minds and even if we try, we cannot relieve ourselves of the appalling effects it imprints on our mind. Let me relate one such story to my readers that may take you to the ocean of immense horror and terror, embedded with pain and agony.

When I peep through the windows of my past, my memories drift to the time when I was a young student of presentation convent. That old rustic building, surrounded by a rampart of tall thick elms and lush green fields spread over acres of land. One can easily sense a tinge of mysterious atmosphere in that scenario. A melancholic effect would prevail everywhere, especially in winters when most of the outdoor activities would come to a halt.

Being a child is also a blessing as at times you are unaware of the gravity of matters and you don’t even spare a single moment of fun you can have. My friend Shono and I would love to explore the hidden secrets of this place every weekend after chapel timings. We would walk among the fields, would pluck the half ripped plums, would chase the rabbits and climb up trees to look for the birds’ nests. However, our favourite past time was visiting the old cottage located at the end of the fields near the stream that followed its tract towards the mountains. It was commonly believed that the cottage was haunted. The restless ghost of an old convent Nun wanders there. The idea of visiting that cottage would always send chills of curiosity in our minds and we would desire to visit it, although deep inside we would feel an untold fear which would entangle us all the time we went near that place.

I still remember that day, when I came across the most dreadful incident of my life, that horrible moment when I really felt what fear is, how it grips you, and when you feel to be numb! I experienced it! Maybe it was a dream, but it was not as I felt the pain, sensed the terror, and the fact that it was a reality stands firm when even today I look at the deep scar on my wrist. Yes an old scar, worn out with the passage of time, but still visible, refreshing those horror stricken moments I had been through whenever I cast a glance at it. And how to get rid of the severe pain that clutches my heart whenever I remember that I lost my best friend Shono in that adventure of ours.

It was a rainy day. Shono suggested we should visit the haunted cottage and find out something mysterious. It was late in the afternoon and I was a bit reluctant to accompany her, but as I didn’t want to be labeled as a coward, I preferred to be quiet and was left with no choice to say no. A cold breeze blew with its full force. We wore our jackets and mufflers to fight cold. Our hands were chill cold and we rubbed them rapidly together to keep ourselves warm. I missed my cozy room and wished I were there enjoying peanuts while reading a thick volume of ”Bed Time Stories ” by Enid Blyton.

My thoughts shattered when I felt a cold gust of wind flapping against my face, bringing me back to the point where we were heading towards that damned haunted cottage. If I had the least idea of coming across the dread stricken incident awaiting me there, I would have never dared to go there.

Some events are inevitable in our lives, no matter how much we avoid them they are destined to happen. The same happened to me as well. Though later on I tried to recall that scene several times pondering on all those possibilities that would give it an ending of my own choice, thinking that what if I wouldn’t have gone there that day? What if I would have remained in my room? What if I would have refused to accept Shono’s proposal? (that seems to be the weakest of all possibilities), but nothing changed and that fearful incident still leaves me aghast.

When we reached the cottage the chapel clock struck 5:00 in the evening. The shadows were getting darker, it started drizzling now. The cottage was surrounded by a mysterious silence, mostly the one that is the indication of an uninvited storm or trouble. The very look of the cottage seemed haunted. It was not the first time we were visiting that horrible place; the only difference was, that day we decided to explore the cottage from inside. My legs felt so heavy when I climbed up the stairs to reach the main door. We pushed the already opened door aside to step in. it opened with a terrible squeaking sound that made us both jump in fear. Our eyes met and for a moment I felt that an unknown force is asking us to retrieve. But we kept moving, as it was destined so. As we stepped inside the door slammed with a big bang. It was closed now! We were trapped inside, standing in the dark.

Shono caught my hand tightly. For the first time it occurred to me that she could also be afraid. This enhanced my fear. I tried to look around and my heart missed a beat when I saw a dark figure moving towards us. Oh my Lord! I can still describe her. A human figure of a lady, a dead lady indeed, as she was pale and white with ghastly features, a horrible grin on her face, with teeth like rotten picket fence. I couldn’t remove my eyes from her ugly face as if I was under a trance.

My concentration was broken by the terror stricken cry of Shono. It was only then when I realized that she had loosened her grip on my hand, in fact she was no longer holding my hand anymore. She fell beside me with a thud. I was totally numbed, not daring even to move. The dreadful figure still moving towards us, dressed in the gear worn by the nuns usually. It was the ghost of that dead nun! The restless spirit that haunted the cottage was standing in front of me with all its horror. Tiny drops of sweat appeared on my forehead, although it was chill cold in December.

I uttered a muffled cry that couldn’t even reach my own ears. I felt my body shivering, unknown of the fact whether it was due to fear or cold. My legs stumbled when I tried to move. It seemed as the hours of time have come to a stand still. The howling of a wolf could be heard in a distance lamenting something that was imminent.

The ghost was now standing close to me, her bulging eyes fixed on me like a tigress that seizes her prey. I felt my heart thudding faster and faster. She held my wrist in her thin fingers, that were sharp like a whetted knife. The other hand moved towards my neck. It almost scared the life out of me. My mind got dizzy. The whole cottage was in topsy-turvy. May be I was dead, everything seemed blurred. My last memory was of her stinky odour that drove me out of my senses.

MY first dream! I heard my mother calling out my name, ”get ready, you have to go to the boarding school”. Second one, ”Shono where are you?” Third dream, ”a horrible figure heading towards me”. When I regained my senses, I found myself in my room, a nurse sitting beside my bed. I moved my hand, but the piercing pain felt in my wrist stopped me from doing so. My mother rushed towards me, cuddled me in her arms. I felt good, but the impact of that horrible scene was still on my mind. There were several questions on mind, the first and foremost, how did I get here? Who rescued us? Where is Shono? But before getting the answers to these questions I felt giddy and didn’t remember anything after that.

It took me almost a month to recover fully. However gradually and slowly I found the answers to most of my questions. Shono and I were found lying unconscious near the chapel. The question how we reached there remained unanswered. And Shono my best friend was never able to survive the shock of this dreadful incident. She lost the stability of her mind and passed away after remaining in shock for two years. No matter how much I try to forget this incident it comes to my mind as if it all happened yesterday. The wound on my wrist reminds me that whatever happened that day is a reality. Those depressing memories still haunt my mind. They never go into oblivion. The sight of convent boarding and old cottages frighten me like hell.

• Po
  ]]> http://www.shakespeareillustrated.org/wordpress/?feed=rss2&p=48 http://www.shakespeareillustrated.org/wordpress/?p=46 http://www.shakespeareillustrated.org/wordpress/?p=46#comments Sat, 31 Mar 2012 16:26:18 +0000 amster88 http://www.shakespeareillustrated.org/wordpress/?p=46 Screenplay treatments are sales tools that can firmly establish you as a writer in the entertainment business. Figure out how you can best get across to the readers through 15 to 20 pages of recounting of your story which you would like to see come alive on the silver screen. Treatments are basically the art of getting a large script to fit into a small package that tells and sells. Screenplay treatments are text trailer of the idea you have for a movie, TV show, or play at the theater. A screenwriter with eyes turned towards the entertainment capital of the world, Hollywood, should be able to write screenplay treatments.

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